Emergence of Multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as Nosocomial Pathogen: Clinical Significance and Antimicrobial Sensitivity

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important pathogen globally in various infections especially in hospital acquired infections. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii from various clinical samples. Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 4269 clinical samples, collected from patients at a multi super speciality hospital in Dehradun, India from September 2013 to August 2014. Identification and sensitivity of Acinetobacter baumannii were performed by fully automated Vitek 2 compact system. Results: From total 4269 culture samples, 102 (2.39%) Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated. Maximum 59 (57.8%) isolates were obtained from respiratory secretions followed by blood 16 (15.7%) and pus 10 (9.8%). Elderly age, multiple hospitalization, prolonged ICU stay and invasive procedure were found to be significant risk factors. Out of 102 isolates, 95 (93.14%) were resistant to more than two classes of antibiotics (multidrug resistant) and 89 (87.26%) were resistant to carbapenems. 4 isolates (3.92%) were resistant to tigecycline while no isolate was resistant to Colistin. Conclusion: The study will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns of Acinetobacter baumanii in our region.